8 World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka is a treasure trove of incredible places that are sure to impress even the pickiest traveler.

Just imagine: untouched green forests with rare flora and fauna, majestic temples that are hundreds of years old, and clear beaches are just some of the attractions on offer in Sri Lanka.

Such a country rich in nature and history has undoubtedly attracted the attention of UNESCO, who has bestowed the title of World Heritage Site onto 8 attractions in Sri Lanka.

If you’re planning a trip to Sri Lanka (don’t forget your Sri Lanka visa) and want to be inspired — or perhaps add a new destination or two to your itinerary — this list will go over each of the World Heritage Sites.

The Rock Fortress of Sigiriya

Many travelers believe that Sigiriya Rock is one of the most amazing places in Sri Lanka, and it’s not hard to see why. This ancient fortress is located on a cliff that towers nearly 350 meters above the surrounding plains.

In 1982, UNESCO drew attention to this unique attraction by adding it to the World Heritage List, and Sigiriya quickly became one of the most visited tourist destinations in Sri Lanka.

The history of the rock began in the late 400s when King Kashyapa built a fortress for his new capital. After nearly 10 centuries, a monastery was opened on the site of the former fortress, and it remains as one of the best-preserved examples of urban planning.

Although only the ruins of the once-great empire have survived, Sigiriya is still worth a visit. Besides the unique frescoes on the rock walls, there are plenty of jaw-dropping views along the way — making it a perfect place to fit in some exercise as you climb up to the top!

Sinharaja Forest Reserve

Besides being listed as a World Heritage Site, the Sinharaja Forest Reserve was also designated as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO, thanks to its significance as a biodiversity hotspot.

In fact, it contains thousands of plants and animals that are considered rare species, and many are even on the endangered list. Some of the most common ‘locals’ of the forest reserve include langurs, wild boars, more than a dozen leopards, and snakes.

Tours through the reserve are carried out along a marked path with licensed guides, and are the perfect way to get acquainted with Sri Lanka’s wildlife. Best of all, this attraction is just a 2.5-hour drive from Galle.

The Sacred City of Anuradhapura

Anuradhapura is an important city famous for being the capital of ancient Ceylon for more than 1,300 years.

In addition to being incredibly popular with tourists, Anuradhapura is also a famous religious site, as it is considered to be a sacred place for Buddhists. There are many religious relics stored here, such as the ‘Buddha Tree,’ whose claim to fame is being the oldest living human-planted tree in the world.

Old Town of Galle

The old town of Galle is an interesting mix of cultures, as the area was under control by the Portuguese, Dutch, British, and Sri Lankans. Such a rich and diverse history has led to the city’s inclusion on the World Heritage List.

Despite its long history, Galle’s fort has been well preserved, and even now there are residential buildings, museums, and other institutions on its territory.

Walking among the narrow streets, travelers can find many small cafes, family-run restaurants, and souvenir shops that sell the work of local artisans. It is definitely worth enjoying the sunset overlooking the sea on the city’s outskirts.

Rangiri Dambulla Cave Temple

Like Anuradhapura, the network of caves known as Rangiri Dambulla is also known as a sacred pilgrimage site thanks to its collection of more than 150 Buddha statues spread across 80 caves.

Nestled in the center of Sri Lanka, travelers often visit Rangiri Dambulla on their way from Kandy or Wasgamuwa National Park.

Before entering the temple, it’s important to remember that this area is a spiritual place for Buddhists and all visitors must dress appropriately. This means covering the shoulders and knees, and taking off shoes before entering.

The Ancient City of Polonnaruwa

Inscribed in 1982, Polonnaruwa was one of the first entries on the World Heritage List.

In fact, UNESCO was especially drawn to this city because it contains many historical archaeological sites such as the Gal Vihara rock temple, Brahmin shrines, and the ruins of a former garden city built by King Parakramabahu I in the 12th century.

Kandy

The sacred city of Kandy can safely claim the title of one of the capitals of Buddhism. This place gained its popularity thanks to the Dalada Maligawa Temple, which houses the ‘Sacred Tooth’ of the Buddha.

In addition to the fact that such a unique artifact is stored here, the temple itself is decorated with beautiful carvings that utilize precious materials such as gold, silver, bronze, and ivory.

Travelers lucky enough to visit this place in early August will have the unique opportunity to see a yearly festival where the Buddha’s tooth is carried out of the temple on a jeweled elephant.

The Central Highlands of Sri Lanka

As the newest addition to Sri Lanka’s World Heritage List (it was inscribed in 2010), the Central Highlands are a must-see on any itinerary.

Here, travelers can enjoy the mountainous nature of Sri Lanka, admire the numerous waterfalls, and walk among tea plantations where the best Ceylon tea is grown. This unique region is also home to many species of flora and fauna.